McIntosh County Republicans met Thursday, Jan. 22, at the Eufaula VFW for a meeting featuring a presentation on large-scale solar development and an update on longterm city planning from Eufaula Mayor James Hickman.

Mayor Hickman addressed the status of the city as they plan for the next 25-50 years.

“We also have to plan for the future — what are we doing for the next generations?” Hickman said. He emphasized that longterm planning helps the city decide where housing, infrastructure and economic development should occur rather than reacting project by project.

Hickman also answered questions regarding the nixed feasibility study that related to potential annexation involving Longtown and Texanna. He said the study was intended only to gather information about costs and impacts and stressed that it does not commit the city to annexation. The proposed study was voted against in a special meeting of the city council.

Hickman also answered questions from attendees on growth, infrastructure and how local governments can balance development with protecting rural communities.

The next speaker was NeAnne Clinton, founder of the Garfield County Conservation Coalition, a grassroots group formed in response to a proposed large-scale solar project in northwestern Oklahoma. Clinton has been involved in local zoning disputes and legal challenges related to solar development and has spoken across the state about land use, property rights and rural infrastructure concerns.

Clinton warned that utility-scale solar projects can significantly affect nearby landowners and communities if zoning and oversight are not strictly enforced.

“Once construction starts, neighbors often find out they have very little say left,” Clinton said. “That’s why local zoning and public involvement matter before anything is approved.”

Clinton cited concerns of large scale solar projects, including land disruption, drainage changes, increased truck traffic and longterm impacts to farmland. She also raised questions about emergency response, noting that many large solar projects are located in rural areas served primarily by volunteer fire departments.

How large solar farms can affect neighbors In general terms, Clinton said utilityscale solar projects often involve thousands of acres and can permanently change how nearby land is used. Large projects typically require several acres of land for each megawatt of electricity produced, meaning even a single facility can cover a wide footprint.

Residents living near solar facilities have raised concerns in other parts of the country about increased runoff after heavy rains if sites are not properly engineered, as well as noise from electrical equipment such as inverters and substations. Clinton said those impacts vary depending on site design, setbacks and maintenance, but she encouraged residents to ask detailed questions before projects are approved.

She also cautioned that promised economic benefits can be overstated, noting that construction jobs are often temporary and specialized, with relatively few permanent positions remaining once a project is completed.

Noise concerns near solar facilities

While solar farms are often described as quiet, nearby residents in several states have reported ongoing noise issues tied to electrical equipment. Large solar facilities use inverters and substations that convert power for the grid, and those components can produce a constant humming, buzzing or highpitched tone. The noise may be more noticeable at night or during cooler temperatures when sound travels farther. Neighbors living closest to these facilities have said the sound can affect outdoor activities and quality of life, particularly in rural areas where background noise is normally low.

Flooding and drainage issues tied to underground tiles Another concern raised by opponents of large solar developments involves drainage and flooding. Many agricultural areas rely on underground drainage tiles designed to move water efficiently through fields. When large solar arrays are installed, heavy equipment, grading and soil compaction can disrupt those drainage systems. If tiles are damaged or blocked, water can pool in lowlying areas after heavy rains, increasing erosion and flooding risks on surrounding properties. Residents in other communities have said those problems often surface only after construction is complete.

Fire safety and emergency response limitations Fire prevention has also become a concern for rural solar projects, particularly those located far from municipal services. Large solar installations contain electrical equipment and battery storage components that can pose fire risks, yet many sites rely on volunteer fire departments for emergency response. In some cases, projects lack nearby water sources, fire suppression systems or adequate access roads for emergency vehicles. Critics say that without clear safety requirements and enforcement, local responders may be left with limited tools to handle electrical or equipmentrelated fires.

Clinton has previously spoken publicly about solar development and what she says were failures by local officials to enforce zoning laws in Garfield County. Clinton has said residents turned to court action only after county commissioners and city officials declined to intervene. She has urged citizens to attend public meetings, request records, track zoning decisions and hold elected officials accountable, saying early involvement is often the only chance residents have to influence large-scale projects before construction begins.